Diet for pancreatitis is an important factor in successful treatment, therefore, adherence to dietary restrictions makes it possible to achieve a satisfactory life and reduce the chance of relapse.
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreatic tissue, which is accompanied by decreased secretion of digestive enzymes, severe pain, stool changes and vomiting. This leads to a pathological metabolic disorder and can lead to the development of diabetes. The main causes of pancreatitis are: overeating, abuse of fatty foods and alcohol.
It is necessary to follow a diet for pancreatitis for a long time. Acute inflammation requires limiting the diet for 6-9 months, while in chronic pancreatitis, diets are followed for several years or for life.
Power possibilities
Approaches to prescribing a diet for pancreatitis depend on whether the inflammation is acute or chronic. Doctors note the positive effect of diet on pancreatitis. It allows you to quickly overcome acute inflammation, avoid complications and extend the recession period to a chronic process.
Characteristics of the diet:
- Within 2-3 days after an acute attack of pancreatitis, you should completely refuse food. Thus, rest is provided for the pancreas. Therapeutic fasting involves the use of liquid in the form of non-carbonated alkaline mineral water, weakly brewed tea or decoction of roses, a glass 5-6 times a day.
- On the fourth day after the beginning of the therapeutic fast, the gradual introduction of solid foods into the diet begins. As a rule, these are low-calorie meals without salt, which gradually increase the secretion of gastric fluid.
- With pancreatitis, the way you prepare food is important. Steam cooking is recommended, as food prepared in this way retains all the necessary substances and does not harm the digestive system.
- Food should not be frozen or hot, the optimum temperature is close to body temperature. In this case, the food should be grated or semi-wet.
- The diet for pancreatitis limits the consumption of even diet. Eat small portions at least five times a day.
The diet excludes foods:
- fatty;
- fried;
- hot sauces and spices;
- Sour juices;
- canned food, pickles;
- smoked meats;
- confectionery;
- cocoa, chocolate;
- alcohol.
The energy value of such foods should be at the level of 2500 kcal.
The disadvantage of such a diet is the acute lack of raw plant foods. Some ingredients need to be offset by taking complex vitamins and supplements.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Diet in the treatment of pancreatitis is an integral part of treatment. During an exacerbation, an attack is accompanied by severe stomach pain and lack of appetite, therefore, the first days of medical fasting do not cause discomfort to the patient.
Furthermore, low calorie diet foods are gradually being introduced into the diet. It can be dried unleavened bread, berry and jelly fruit drinks, viscous decoctions of oatmeal and rice, liquid mashed potatoes without oil. At this time, it is recommended to exclude products that contribute to the formation of gases.
On the 6th-7th day, protein dishes are gradually introduced: steamed meat, mashed potatoes or vegetable puddings, steamed protein omelette.
It should be noted that the diet requires long-term adherence to dietary restrictions. For 6-9 months, you must strictly follow its rules and monitor your diet daily.
The course of the disease can have certain characteristics, therefore, the gastroenterologist and the nutritionist are involved in prescribing a diet. Experts in this profile determine what can be consumed in a diet for pancreatitis for each specific patient, taking into account the comorbidities.
Once the acute period of the disease has subsided, you can significantly differentiate your menu with simple and healthy products. It is noted that the number of meals should be at least four, while the volume of fluid drunk is about 1. 5 liters per day.
Sample menu:
- Breakfast: semolina (rice) porridge cooked in water. Apple; weakly brewed green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken breast cutlets. carrot puree; a decoction of rose berries.
- Lunch: vegetable broth with beef or fish. mashed potatoes; croutons white bread; apple baked without the peel.
- Afternoon snack: low fat cottage cheese. green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner>: steamed protein omelette from three chicken eggs. mashed potatoes from diet vegetables. croutons white bread.
- Before going to bed: curd.
With a diet, the symptoms and treatment of pancreatitis are significantly relieved. Such a diet saves the pancreas and gradually normalizes its work. The patient's well-being will depend on how strictly he adheres to the diet. Any eating disorder is directly reflected in digestive function.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis most often develops against the background of an acute condition, but can also appear as a primary disease in cases that are a complication of other diseases.
Diet and treatment for pancreatitis are two inseparable concepts. Even during the recession, dietary guidelines should be followed.
Diet rules for chronic pancreatitis:
- The calorie content of food during this period should be commensurate with daily physical activity.
- Great attention is paid to the protein content of food. Turkey, chicken, rabbit, beef, lean pork and fish are allowed.
- It is not allowed to include dishes of lamb, fatty pork, goose, duck and game in the diet.
- Heat treatment of food does not allow frying, baking, cooking. The food must be cooked in a double boiler or boiled.
- Cheese, which used to be banned at the aggravation stage, is now allowed in small quantities, but it is a good idea to replace milk with fermented dairy products.
- The diet should include vegetable proteins, which are represented by cereals and yesterday's bread, while it is necessary to take into account that legumes should be completely excluded during a diet with pancreatitis.
- The total amount of carbohydrates should not exceed 350 g per day. They are found in pasta, cereals, honey, canned food and syrups.
An approximate diet menu for chronic pancreatitis:
- Breakfast: boiled rabbit meat. rice porridge.
- Late breakfast: low fat cottage cheese. apples cooked without honey.
- Lunch: buckwheat soup. boiled or steamed fish with vegetables. dried fruit compote.
- Afternoon snack: steamed cutlets with vegetable sauce.
- Dinner: beef, curd pudding without sugar. weak tea.
- Before going to bed: kefir.
Meals are fractional and in small portions. The food should be served hot at intervals of about three hours.
Salt and spices cause increased secretion of enzymes in the digestive system, so their amount should be kept to a minimum. In addition, sour, smoked, pastries and sour cream, as well as chocolate, have a similar effect. Sugary foods can cause complications such as diabetes, so their nutritional content is reduced by 90%.